Incoterms 2010
船上交貨條件規則
FOB (指定裝船港)
本規格僅使用於海運或內陸水路運送.
“船上交貨條件規則” 指賣方在指定裝船港將貨物載於買方所指定的船舶上或購買己如此交付的貨物而為交貨,當貨物裝載於船舶上時,貨物滅失或毀損的風險即行移轉,而買方則自該時點起負擔一切的費用.
賣方務必將貨物裝載於船舶上,或購買已如此交付運送的貨物,在此”購買”是迎合一連串的多層次買賣(貨物在運送途中的再轉售-連環買賣),這在大宗物貨交易裡特別地普遍.
“船上交貨條件規則”不適合使用於貨物在裝載船舶之前即交給運送人的情形,例如貨物裝在貨櫃內的情形,這類貨櫃通常就在貨櫃場交付,應該使用”貨交運送人條件規則.
於需要辦理通關手續時,”船上交貨條件規則”要求賣方辦理貨物輸出通關,然而,賣方並無辦理貨物輸入通關,或支付任何進口關稅,或辦理任何輸入通關手續的義務.
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