10/31/2009

貨櫃運輸作業方式(Shipping term)

貨櫃運輸作業方式(Shipping term)


主要可分為下列四種方式

1. CY/CY:FCL/FCL(整櫃/整拆): 整個裝,拆作業與船公司無關,船公司只負責運送,由託運人自行裝送至船公司在出口地貨櫃場(CY),貨櫃由船公司運至目的地的貨櫃場(CY),由受貨人自行拆櫃。

2. CY/CFS:FCL/LCL(整裝/分拆): 由託運人自行裝櫃送至船公司在出口地櫃場(CY),船公司隨將貨物運目的地的貨物集散地(CFS),船公司拆櫃後將貨物交給受貨人一同一託運人。

3. CFS/CFS:LCL/LCL(併裝/分拆):由船公司負責貨櫃的裝櫃,在出口地櫃集散地(CFS)接收不同託運人的貨運併櫃,然後運至目的地的貨櫃集散地(CFS),由船公司拆出貨櫃內的貨物交給不同的受貨人。

4. CFS/CY: LCL/FCL: 併裝/整拆: 在出口地的貨櫃集散地(CFS),接收不同託運人的貨物併櫃,由船公司將貨櫃運至目的地貨櫃場(CY),由受貨人自行拆櫃。

FCL=CY,LCL=CFS,歐洲國家慣用FCL,LCL系統,而美日國家則遍採用CY/CFS系統

LCL: Less-than Container Load

FCL: Full Container Load

CFS (Container Freight Station): 集裝貨物集散站

CY (Container Yard): 集裝箱碼頭堆場

10/22/2009

棧板的規格及種類

1.棧板規格


各國所使用的棧板長度與寬度稍有不同, 國內棧板較常使用的規格就有十餘種之多,其中較常見的棧板(pallet)規格是110x110(cm),120x100(cm)。

目前ISO棧板的規格有六種:

1200﹡1000mm、1200﹡800mm、1140﹡1140mm、1219﹡1016mm、1100﹡1100mm

1067﹡1067mm。


2.棧板的種類

2.1木質棧板:包括柳安木、松木、杉木、冰片木及其它雜木棧板等。

2.2塑膠棧板:最適合用在電子廠,塑膠棧板裡可以加上抗靜電的功能,比起木頭棧板又更耐用壽命更長。

2.3紙棧板

2.4環保棧板: 免煙燻 免消毒

2.5單板式纖維棧板

2.6鐵棧板


3.木棧板熱處理/煙蒸/煙燻: 木棧板為常見的出口貨物裝載容器,依據國際植物防疫檢疫措施第15號標準 (ISPM15),為了避免藏有病蟲害傳染,出口的木棧板容器皆需經過檢疫,即是需要經過煙燻或熱處理。


3.1煙燻棧板: fumigated pallet(s): 使用溴化甲烷噴灑棧板木料,經過24小時的處理後達到消除病蟲害的效果。


3.2熱處理,主要處理過程是將木棧板放置在專用的熱處理間中,將溫度加熱到56度以上並且維持30分鐘,藉此將木材中可能藏有的病蟲害消毒。


4.棧板堆疊以貨櫃出口: 國際貨運,以貨櫃運輸為主,因為貨櫃的寬度約230cm, 可以在貨櫃內併排使用110*110 cm直接併排,或120*100 cm交錯併排,一個20' 普通櫃, 約可以裝10個120x100(cm)規格棧板。


參考資料來源: http://www.li-on.biz/LionBiz/?action=Cms&n_id=7

10/21/2009

貨櫃的規格, 船公司

 貨櫃的規格


1.乾貨貨櫃(Standard)

(1.1)二十呎鋼製乾貨貨櫃 (20’ dry steel freight container)

(1.2)四十呎鋼製乾貨貨櫃 (40’ dry steel freight container)

(1.3)四十呎超高鋼製乾貨貨櫃 40' HC Dry:

(1.4)四十五呎超高鋼製乾貨貨櫃


2.冷凍貨櫃 (Reefers)

(2.1)二十呎鋼製冷凍貨櫃

(2.2)二十呎鋁製冷凍貨櫃

(2.3)四十呎超高鋼製冷凍貨櫃

(2.4)四十呎超高鋁製冷凍貨櫃


3.特殊貨櫃 (Specialized)

(3.1)二十呎全高開頂貨櫃 (20’ open top)

(3.2)二十呎角柱可折疊式之床式、平台兩用貨櫃

(3.3) 二十呎前後板框可折疊式之床式、平台兩用貨櫃

(3.4) 二十呎油槽櫃

(3.5) 二十呎貨櫃式發電機櫃

(3.6) 四十呎角柱可折疊式之床式、平台兩用貨櫃

(3.7) 四十呎前後板框可折疊式之床式、平台兩用貨櫃

(3.8) 四十呎全高開頂貨櫃

(3.9) 四十呎超高成衣

以上貨櫃資料來源: 長榮海運http://www.evergreen-marine.com/tw/tei1/jsp/TEI1_Containers.jsp#Dry_4


4.TEU的定義: Twenty-foot Equivalent Unit, 20呎標準貨櫃

5.船運公司一覽

Code: Company Name

ABC: A.B.C CONTAINTER LINE

ACBL: American Commercial Barge Line company

ACGR: Ace Group

ACL: Atlantic Container Line

ACT: Associated Container Transportation

AECS: Australia Europe Container Service

AEL: American-European Lines

AEXL: American Export Lines

AFS: Asia Fortune(HK) Shipping ltd.

AFSC: African Steamship Co.

AJCL: Australia Japan Container Line

AMCL: American commercial Lines, Incorporated

AMISCL: American Iraqi Shipping Company, Ltd.

AML: American Mail Line

AMPTC: Arab Maritime Petroleum transport Co.

AND: Adriatica Di Navigazione Spa

ANL: Austrilian National Line

ANST: Arya National Shipping Lines

AOR: AORASIA

APL: American Predsident lines Ltd.

ASC: Alaska Steamship Company

ASS: Asahe-Tanker

ASTA: ASTA

ATL: Asia Terminal Limited

ATTL: Atlantic Transport line

AWP: Australia West Pasific Line

BEN: Ben Line Containers Ltd.

BK: Kong Hing Agemcy Ltd

BOL: Baltic Orient Line

BONA: Bonami Line

BRN: Bulgarian River Navigation

BSA: Blue Star

BSC: Bangladesh Shipping Co.

BSP: Baltimore Steam Packet

BTC: Bethlehemm Transportation Co.

CAT: Canada Atlantic transit Company of United States

CAU: Australia Container Line

CBC: CENTURY BRIDGE CONTAINER LINE LTD.

CCC: Compass Container Corporation

CCCO: California Cargo Container

CCL: California Container Line

CCNI: CCNI

CCX: Char Ching Marine Co.

CGL: Canadian Gulf Line

CGM: Compagnie General Maritime Et Finaciere

CHF: Chiao Feng Shipping ltd.

CHP: Chinese-Polish Joint Stock Shipping Co.

CJF: CHINA-JAPAN INTERNATIONAL FERRY CO.,LTD.

CKS: CHUN KYUNG Shipping Co.,Ltd.

CLA: CLA

CLO: Clou Container Leasing GmbH

CLS: Chiu Lun Container Co.,Ltd

CMA: Compagnie Maritime Daffertemet

CMCL: China Merchants Co.,ltd.

CMSNC: China Merchants Steam Navigation Company, Ltd

CNC: CHENG LIE NAVIGATION CO.,LTD

CNCC: China National Chartering Corporation

CNS: Canadian National Steamships

COCENAVE: Vale do Rio Doce Navegacao

COH: Coheung Shipping Co.,ltd.

COMANAV: Compagnie Marocaine de Navigation

COMAUNAM: Compagnie Mauritanienne de Navigation Maritime

CON: Contrans Gmbh

COSCO: COSCO Group

CPN: Pacific North West Container Line

CPV: Corporacion Peruana de Vapores

CQH: CQH

CRN: Chrina Overseas Company ltd.

CSAV: Compagnia Sudamericana de Vapores

CSC: China Shipping co.,ltd.

CSL: Canada Steamship Lines,Ltd.

CTI: Container Transport International

CTN: Compagnie Tunisienne de Navigation

CUCMS: Compagnie Universelle du Canal Maritie

CYL: Cho Yang Shipping ltd.

DFDS: Det Forende Dampskebsselskab

DMS: DELMAS

DSR: Deufracht Seereederei Rostock

DVR: Delmas-Vieljeux Socia Navale Chargeurs

DY: PEGASUS CONTAINER SERVICE

DYWW: DYWW

DZ: DZ

E&A: Eastern and Australia Line

EAC: East Asiatic Co.Ltd.

EANSL: East African National Shipping Line

ECT: Europe combined Terminal

EFFDEA: Empresa Flota Fluvial del Estado Argention

EGSEL: Ever Glory Shipping Enterprises Ltd

ELMA: Empresas Lineas Maritimas Argentinas

EMPREMAR: Empresa Maritima del Estdo

ENASA: Empresa Navegacao da Amazonia,Sociedade anonima

ESCO: Estern Steamship Company

ESL: Eastern Shipping Lines Incorporated

EVG: Evergreen Marine Corp. Ltd.

EXC: Excelsior Shipping Co.,ltd.

FEC: FEC

FESC: FESCO

FINL: Finnlines Limited

FPL: Far Eastern Shipping Co.

FRONAPE: Frota Nacional de Petroleiros

FSC: FAR-EASTERN SHIPPING CO., LTD

FSPL: FSPL

FTI: Fieet Trans International Ltd

FUJL: Fuji Steamship Co., Ltd

FWSC: Land-Ocean Inchacape International Container Transport Co.,Ltd.

FWSL: Fairweather Steamship Co., Ltd.

GBE: Golden Boxes Express let

GEKA: General Kaiun Shipping Co.

GF: GOFOR

GG: Guan Guan Shipping ltd.

GLE: Great Lakes and European Lines

GOL: Golf Ocean Lines Ltd.

GONC: Great Oversea Navigation Co.Ltd.

GSC: Ghana Shipping Corporation

GSL: Gold Star Line

GSNC: General Steam Navigation Company

GST: Genstar Container Corp.

GWS:   GREAT WESTERN STEAMSHIP CO.

HAIX: HAI XING SHIPPING CO., LTD

HAKAI: Hachinohe-Kaiun

HAM: Hamda Shipping Co., Ltd.

HAS: SHANGHAI HAI HUA SHIPPING CO., LTD

HFL: HAI FU

HJS: Hanjin Shipping ltd.

HKEL: HongKong Export Lines Ltd.

HKIS: Hong Kong Islands Shipping Ltd.

HKM: Hong Kong Maritime

HLC: Hapag Lloyd

HMM: HYUNDAI Merchant Marine ltd.

HSL: Hope Sea Ltd

ICCU: ICCU Container Group

ICSN: Indo-China Steam Navigation Co.,Ltd.

IEA: Intermodal Equipment Associates

ILO: Interocean Leasing Ltd.

INB: Interpool Ltd. Intu

IRI: I.R.I. Shipping Lines

ISA: International Shipping Agency

ITL: Ited Containers International Corp.

IWT: Irawaddy Water Transport Corporation

JCS: Japan Container Service

JCT: Jeuro Container Transport Inc.

JL: Johnson Line

JLA: Japan Line

JSM: Jiangsu Marine Shipping Co.

JUG: Jugoliniga

KAIKA: Kaihatsu-Kaiun

KAKA: Kanda-Kaiun

KANKA: Kanko-kaiun

KAUN: kansai-Unyu

KC: Kai Xing International

KL: Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha ltd.

KMT: KOREA MARINE TRANSPORT CO.,LTD.

KNOW: Konwashipping Co., Ltd.

KNSM: Koninklijke Nederlandsche Stoomboot Maatschappij

KOTC: Kuwait Oil Tanker Company

KSC: Kuwait Shipping Company

KSL: Korea Shipping Line

KYKI: Kyowa-kisen

LAL: Lloyd Triettino Di Navigazione Spa

LAND: LAND

LHS: LHS

LIBRA: Linhas Brasileirs de Navegacao

LLB: Lloyd Brasileiro CN

LNB: Bolivia Shipping Co.,Ltd.

LS: LS

LT: Lloyd Triesttino

LUSC: Luzon Stevesoreing Company

LYK: Lydes Line

MAT: Matson Navigation Co.

MCP: Maritime Company of Philippine

MH: Menghorng Shipping ltd.

MIS: Malaysia International Shipping Corp.

MOB: Mobil Shipping Co. Ltd

MOSK: MOSK

MS1: MSI

MSC: MSC

MSH: MINSHENG KAMBARA CO.,LTD.

MSK: MAERSK(CHINA) SHIPPING CO.,LTD.

MSKT: MSKT

MSL: MINSHENG SHIPPING COMPANY SHANGHAI BRANCH

MSS: KAMBARA KISEN CO.,LTD.

MSW: MSW

NAEI: Naikai-Eisen

NAGDI: Nagoya-Kisen

NAKA: Nagamoto-Kaiun

NAKI: Nagasaki-Kisen

NANTA: Naniwa-Tanker

NASC: Netherlands Advisory Shipping Council

NBC: National Bulk Carrier

NCL: Nippon Container Leasing Co.Ltd.

NCY: Nippon Container Yuso Co.,Ltd.

NEDL: Nedlloyd lines

NIC: Nippon International Container Service

NIKA: Nishikyushu-Kaiun

NIPK: Nippon Kisen

NISK: Nisho-Kisen

NISL: Nissei-Line

NITC: National Iranian Tanker Co.

NNSL: Nigerian National Shipping Line

NOL: Neptune Orient Line Ltd.

NOR: NORASIA

NOS: NEW ORIENT LINES

NS: NANSUNG SHIPPING CO.,LTD.

NSCP: National Shipping Corporation of Pakistan

NSCSA: National Shipping Co. of Saudi Arabia

NSL: New Sanyo Line

NSN: Newseas Navigation Corp.

NTL: NANTAI LINE CO.,LTD

NYK: Nippon Yusen Kaisha Line Ltd.

NZSC: New Zealland shipping Com.

NZUE: New Zealand Uuited Express

O&P: Orient and Pacific Line

OCC: Traco Cotainer Leasing GmbH

OCL: Overseas Container Line

OL: Orient Steam Navigation Co.,Ltd

OOCL: Orient Overseas Container Line

P&O: PO Nedlloyd Container Line Limited

P&O SWIRE: P&O SWIRE

PACE: Pacific Australia Container Express

PCC: Port Cargo Corporation

PCS: PAN CONTINENTAL SHIPPING CO.,LTD.

PE: Pan-Asia Express Lines

PENA: China Ocean Shipping Agent Co.,ltd.

PGST: Panama/Globe Steamer Lines.S.A

PIL: Pacific International Lines(HK) Ltd.

PO: Pan Ocean Shipping

POL: Polish Ocean Lines

PON: P&O Nedlloyd(CHINA)LTD.

POS: POS

POW: Powick Shipping Ltd.

PSC: Pakistan Shipping Corporation

PSL: Pusan Shipping Co., Ltd.

PSN: Pacific Steam Navigation Co.

PSS: Pacific Steamship Co.

PWK: POWICK(HK SHIPPING SHANGHAI REPRESENTATIVE OFFICE

QT: Quan Tong

RC: Rickmers Line

RCL: REGIONAL CONTAINER LINES PTE LTD.

RICO:   RICO

RNG: Royal Nedlloyd Group

RVM: Regie des Voies Maritimes

SA: SA

SAK: SAK

SAKA: Sankyo-Kaiun

SAL: Svenska Amerika Linien

SAM: South African Marine Corp. Ltd.

SCAN: Scandutch

SCI: Shipping Corporation of India, Ltd.

SCL: SCL

SEAC: Sea Container ltd.

SEAW: HAMDA/SEAWISE

SETH: Seht Shipping Co.

SFC: SHANGHAI INTERNATIONAL FERRY CO.,LTD.

SHWA: Shinwa Kaiun Kaisha Ltd.

SIF: SIF

SINOTRAN: SINOTRANS SHANGHAI CO.,LTD.

SIT: SITC

SJJ: SHANGHAI JINJIANG SHIPPING CO.,LTD.

SKH: SKH

SL: Sea-Land Orient ltd.

SLT: SLT

SM: SM

SMSK: Sino Maersk Co.,ltd.

SNKO: SINOKOR Co.,Ltd.

SNL: SINOTRANS CONTAINER LINES CO.,LTD.

SOAEM: Societe Ouest-Africained,Enterprises Maritimes

SOC: SOC

SONATRAM: Societe Nationale des Transports Maritimes

SPAL: SPAL

SPC: Steam Packet Co.

SPIF: SINO PIFF INT'L Freight ltd.

SPL: Compania Trasatlantica Espannola

SPSS: Southern Pacific Steamship Line

SSGP: Straits Shipping Ltd.

SSL: Southern Steamship Line

SSLSA: SAMUDERA SHIPPING LINE LTD

STRA: STRA

STT: Shirlstar Container Transport Ltd.

SUD: Hamburg-Sud

SWAL: Showa Line Ltd.

SWIR: Seire Shipping(Agencies) ltd.

SWS: Swell Chief Shipping Co., ltd.

SYM: SHANDONG YANTAI INTERNATIONAL MARINE SHIPPING CONTAINER CO., SHANGHAI OFFICE

TAL: Transmerca Leasing Inc.

TAS: TAS

TEL: Trans Freight Lines

THI: THI LTD

THK: TIANJIN MARINE SHIPPING CO.,LTD.

TJST: TJST

TKSL: Tianjin/Kobe Shipping ltd.

TMM: Transportacion Maritime Mexicana Sociedad Anoniam

TOHO: TOHO Line Shipping ltd.

TOL: Trans Ocean Leasing Corp.

TPH: Tiphook Container Rental Co.Ltd

TR: Tamron Shipping Co.,ltd

TRC: Scontship Hong Kong ltd.

TRI: Triton Container International Ltd.

TRNO: HK Trident Shipping Agency Co.

TRPC: TRANPAC

TRWL: Wallem Shipping ltd.

UAC: UAC

UASC: United Arab Shipping Co.

UFC: Flex-Van Corp.

UNG: Uniglory Line

UNI: UNI-WORLD SHIPPING LTD.

UNISCO: UNISCO S'HAI

UNS: Unsion Shipping Co.

VANE: VANE SIL Shipping Co.,ltd.

WCL: World Container Leasing Ltd.

WEL: WEL

WHL: WAN HAI LINES CO.,LTD.

WORMA: Worldwide Marine

WRDL: Wrangdll Shipping

WSDL: Wide Shine Development ltd.

WTP: West Wood Shipping Lines

WW: Waiwell Shipping ltd.

WYLY: WYLY

XCD: Cross Country Leasing Ltd.

XTR: XTRA Inc.

YAKA: Yabuki-Kaiun

YH: YH

YICT: Yantian International Container Termianal

YK: YK

YML: Yangming Marine Transport Corp

YSNL: Y.S Nearseas Line Co., ltd

ZCS: Zim Container Service

ZFU: Zhong Fu

ZIM: ZIM Israel Navigation Co., ltd.

ZJYY: ZIM

ZXTW: ZXTW

以下資料來源: http://www.bjwto.org/smes/Article_Show.asp?ArticleID=11232

http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/32192422.html

6.資料來源

(6.1) http://www.evergreen-marine.com/tw/tei1/jsp/TEI1_Containers.jsp#special_1
(6.2) http://www.shipping-container-housing.com/20-foot-shipping-container.html

10/16/2009

CKD SKD

今天接到巴西新客戶的email, 其CKD, SKD看不懂, 於是趕快找資料, 看客戶到底在說些啥?


(1) SKD(Semi-Knocked down):稱為半散裝套件,常作為國際貿易禁止完整產品進口的對策,產品出口國公司將成品拆散後以半成品方式出口,再由進口國公司以自行裝配方式完成成品組裝,再進行銷售.

(2)CKD(Complete Knock Down): 稱為全散裝套件,產品出口國將成品完全拆散為半成品方式出口,再由進口國以自行裝配之方式完成組裝作業,再後進行銷售作業.

Knock Down的貿易方式,可享較低的關稅, 利用進口國當地較低的工資組裝成成品.

優點是節省運費,進口國之低廉勞工,享受比成品還低的進口關稅

10/09/2009

Trade Terms_DDU

Trade Terms:貿易條件


1.DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid)
(1.1)意義:賣方在貨物送到買方指定的地點交付, 而且必須承担貨物運到指定地點的費用及風險, 賣方於指定地點將貨物交付買方後,貨物的危險負擔即轉由買方承擔。賣方必須支付進口清關費, 但費用不包括進口關稅及進口國其他官方費用。

2.買方權利及義務
(2.1)賣方將貨物交至買方所指定的目的地,這期間所有費用風險均由賣方負擔, 費用包括,
(2.1.1) 出口地到進口地的海運費/空運費/從他國過境的費用。
(2.1.2) 貨物出口需要辦理的海關手續費用。
(2.1.3) 貨物出口時應繳納的關稅。
(2.1.4) 進口報關的清關費:負責辦理進口清關手續, 並支付清關所產生的費用。
(2.2)貨物在目的港船上或碼頭交貨時,應使用DES或DEQ貿易條件。

3.賣方權利及義務
(3.1)進口稅捐:進口地應繳納的任何稅費。

4.參考資料
(4.1) http://www.abcservicenetwork.com/TradeTerms.htm
(4.2) http://www.searates.com/reference/incoterms/ddu/
(4.3) http://www.export911.com/e911/export/comTerm.htm#xDDU

10/06/2009

付款條件_月結30天

月結30天的定義: 5月份出貨的貨款, 6月30日付清貨項.


月結: 以一個月作為結算期間,不管是月初的交易還月未的交易,都算在一個月的期間內.

10/01/2009

海運進口通關流程,所需文件及費用

海運進口通關流程,所需文件及費用


(1).海運進口通關流程
(1.1).換單:於船隻進口後代貨主向船公司繳交相關費用換取小提單(DELIVERY ORDER)提貨之用。
(1.2).報關:報關行以電腦與EDI關貿網路連線報關。
(1.3).驗關:報關行會同海關驗貨單位前往貨櫃場開箱驗關。
(1.4).估價:由海關估價員核估關稅,發出稅單。
(1.5).繳稅:報關行代為繳納關稅。
(1.6).放行提貨:海關放行後,報關行赴貨櫃場會同卡車完成提貨手續。

(2).進口報關應檢附之文件
(2.1)正本提單或擔保提貨書一份,提單影本一份。電報放貨需附電放切結書。
(2.2)商業發票(INVOICE)二份。(政府機關或公營事業進口貨物僅須一份)。該發票應詳細載明收貨人名稱、地址、貨物名稱、牌名、數量、品質、規格、型式、號碼、單價、運費、保險費、其他各項應加計費用及輸出口岸減免之稅款等。
(2.3)裝箱單(PACKING LIST)二份。
(2.4)個案委任書一份。(如已採用長期委任得每年檢附委任書一次)。
(2.5) CY整櫃附落地追蹤切結書一份。(CFS、併櫃貨不需提供)
(2.6)貨主如有保險時,附保單收據
(2.7)產地證明書:海關視實際需要,得請納稅義務人提供。
(2.8)其他文件:其他依有關規定應檢附者:如商品檢驗合格證、農藥許可證…等。

(3).進口費用
(3.1)海運運費 (Ocean freight),付款條件是FOB, 買方付運費
(3.2)D/O製作費 (D/O fee), D/O: Delivery Order
(3.3)併櫃/吊櫃費(T.H.C.), T.H.C: Terminal Handling Charge
(3.4)拆櫃費 (De-vanning charge):整櫃無此費用
(3.5)拖車/貨車費
(3.6)報關手續費(Customs Brokerage Fee)
(3.7)關稅 (Customs Duty)
(3.8)商港建設費 (HMT): HMT: Harbor Maintenance Tax
(3.9)貿易推廣服務費, 完稅價(CIF價格)的萬分之4.15
(3.10)貨櫃場費用
(3.11)EDI傳輸費
(3.12)集中查驗費用:費用包括吊櫃費及翻櫃費, 有驗關才須支付.